CentOS( 4 )- CPU、内存、端口等指标查看
一、CPU
1.1 top
$ top
top - 04:57:54 up 236 days, 14:03, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.00
Tasks: 377 total, 1 running, 375 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie
Cpu0 : 0.3%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.0%id, 0.3%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu1 : 0.3%us, 0.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu2 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu3 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu4 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu5 : 0.3%us, 0.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu6 : 0.3%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu7 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu8 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu9 : 0.0%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu10 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu11 : 0.3%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu12 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu13 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu14 : 0.0%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu15 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 16465312k total, 2866440k used, 13598872k free, 324020k buffers
Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 2144800k cached
可以看到平均负载,按1可以看到Cpu数量和内存信息。CPU指标说明:
- us(%user):用户程序使用CPU时间片占比
- sy(%system):内核使用的CPU时间占比
- id(%idle):CPU空闲时间比
- wa($iowait):CPU处理IO等待的时间占比
1.2 sar
$ sar 1
Linux 2.6.32-754.25.1.el6.x86_64 (peng) 2020年10月13日 _x86_64_ (16 CPU)
05时02分19秒 CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
05时02分20秒 all 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 99.87
05时02分21秒 all 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 99.88
05时02分22秒 all 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 99.94
05时02分23秒 all 0.19 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.00 99.44
05时02分24秒 all 0.13 0.00 0.19 0.06 0.00 99.62
05时02分25秒 all 0.12 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 99.81
05时02分26秒 all 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 99.94
05时02分27秒 all 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.94
05时02分28秒 all 0.12 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 99.75
05时02分29秒 all 0.13 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 99.75
05时02分30秒 all 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 99.87
1.3 vmstat
$ vmstat 1
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu-----
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
1 0 0 13522672 344480 2144948 0 0 0 3 0 0 6 4 90 0 0
0 0 0 13522608 344480 2144948 0 0 0 0 1530 2430 0 0 100 0 0
0 0 0 13522944 344480 2144948 0 0 0 0 1504 2426 0 0 100 0 0
0 0 0 13522864 344480 2144948 0 0 0 0 1563 2476 0 0 100 0 0
二、内存
2.1 free
$ free -h
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 15G 2.7G 12G 1.1M 316M 2.0G
-/+ buffers/cache: 386M 15G
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
$ free -h -s 3
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 30G 30G 692M 696K 446M 4.5G
-/+ buffers/cache: 25G 5.6G
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 30G 30G 659M 696K 446M 4.6G
-/+ buffers/cache: 25G 5.6G
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
指标说明:
- buffers/cache -> used
:实际使用内存,等于Mem行中used - buffers - cached+ buffers/cache -> free
:实际空闲内存,等于Mem行中free + buffers + cached
2.2 /proc/meminfo
cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 32478432 kB
MemFree: 469660 kB
Buffers: 457052 kB
Cached: 4982444 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 27215592 kB
Inactive: 4155144 kB
Active(anon): 25931508 kB
Inactive(anon): 664 kB
Active(file): 1284084 kB
Inactive(file): 4154480 kB
Unevictable: 0 kB
Mlocked: 0 kB
SwapTotal: 0 kB
SwapFree: 0 kB
Dirty: 96576 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 25931476 kB
Mapped: 53964 kB
Shmem: 696 kB
Slab: 335560 kB
SReclaimable: 292696 kB
SUnreclaim: 42864 kB
KernelStack: 23056 kB
PageTables: 58696 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 16239216 kB
Committed_AS: 30251252 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 65396 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359641124 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 24539136 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 5944 kB
DirectMap2M: 2615296 kB
DirectMap1G: 30408704 kB
三、磁盘
3.1 df
查看磁盘整体情况
$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 40G 2.9G 35G 8% /
tmpfs 7.8G 12K 7.8G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/vdb1 197G 1.6G 186G 1% /data
3.2 du
查看某个目录下文件占比
$ du -h /home --max-depth=1
16K /home/zabbix
104K /home/peng
188K /home
$ du -sh
208K .
3.3 iostat
$ iostat -x 1
Linux 2.6.32-754.28.1.el6.x86_64 (peng-master-1) 2021年01月14日 _x86_64_ (8 CPU)
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
3.02 0.00 1.27 0.25 0.00 95.46
Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util
vda 0.01 1.14 0.24 1.15 13.01 18.38 22.55 0.00 0.93 0.57 1.01 0.32 0.04
vdb 4.26 1459.26 65.23 115.17 5675.69 12595.45 101.28 1.61 8.94 1.91 12.92 0.19 3.44
指标说明:
- rrqm/s: 每秒进行merge的读操作数
- wrqm/s: 每秒进行merge的写操作数
- r/s: 每秒读次数
- w/s:每秒写次数
- rsec/s:每秒读扇区数
- wsec/s:每秒写扇区数
- rkB/s:每秒读字节数,单位kB
- wkB/s:每秒写字节数
- avgrq-sz:平均每次设备IO操作的数据大小(扇区)
- avgqui-sz:平均IO队列长度
- await:平均每次设备IO操作的等待时间(毫秒)
- svctm:平均每次设备IO操作的服务时间(毫秒)
- %util:一秒之中有多少时间用于IO操作,如果接近100%说明产生的IO请求太多,可能存在瓶颈。
四、进程
4.1 ps
$ ps -ef | grep api-test
peng 16118 14141 0 10:35 ? 00:00:01 gunicorn: master [api-test]
peng 16156 16118 0 10:36 ? 00:00:20 gunicorn: worker [api-test]
peng 16164 16118 0 10:36 ? 00:00:20 gunicorn: worker [api-test]
peng 16171 16118 0 10:36 ? 00:00:20 gunicorn: worker [api-test]
peng 16185 16118 0 10:36 ? 00:00:20 gunicorn: worker [api-test]
4.2 lsof
$ lsof -i:33040
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
gunicorn: 16118 peng 6u IPv4 2542870 0t0 TCP *:33040 (LISTEN)
gunicorn: 16156 peng 6u IPv4 2542870 0t0 TCP *:33040 (LISTEN)
gunicorn: 16164 peng 6u IPv4 2542870 0t0 TCP *:33040 (LISTEN)
gunicorn: 16171 peng 6u IPv4 2542870 0t0 TCP *:33040 (LISTEN)
gunicorn: 16185 peng 6u IPv4 2542870 0t0 TCP *:33040 (LISTEN)
4.3 pstree
$ pstree -p 16118
gunicorn:\040maste(16118)─┬─gunicorn:\040worke(16156)─┬─{gunicorn:\040work}(16196)
│ ├─{gunicorn:\040work}(16393)
│ └─{gunicorn:\040work}(16394)
├─gunicorn:\040worke(16164)─┬─{gunicorn:\040work}(16202)
│ ├─{gunicorn:\040work}(16389)
│ ├─{gunicorn:\040work}(16390)
│ ├─{gunicorn:\040work}(16391)
│ └─{gunicorn:\040work}(16392)
├─gunicorn:\040worke(16171)─┬─{gunicorn:\040work}(16204)
│ ├─{gunicorn:\040work}(16383)
│ ├─{gunicorn:\040work}(16384)
│ └─{gunicorn:\040work}(16385)
└─gunicorn:\040worke(16185)─┬─{gunicorn:\040work}(16215)
├─{gunicorn:\040work}(16380)
├─{gunicorn:\040work}(16381)
└─{gunicorn:\040work}(16382)
4.4 strace
$ strace -p 16118
Process 16118 attached - interrupt to quit
select(5, [4], [], [], {0, 209202}) = 0 (Timeout)
gettimeofday({1610618741, 795149}, NULL) = 0
fstat(9, {st_mode=S_IFREG, st_size=0, ...}) = 0
五、网络连接
5.1 netstat
$ netstat -tlnp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2281/sshd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 16856/zabbix_agentd
5.2 ss
$ ss -s
Total: 65 (kernel 173)
TCP: 71 (estab 4, closed 59, orphaned 0, synrecv 0, timewait 59/0), ports 18
Transport Total IP IPv6
* 173 - -
RAW 0 0 0
UDP 3 3 0
TCP 12 12 0
INET 15 15 0
FRAG 0 0 0
六、网络流量
6.1 iftop
$ iftop -i eth0
19.1Mb 38.1Mb 57.2Mb 76.3Mb
└─────────────────────┴───────────────────────┴────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────
peng-master-1 => 172.16.0.1 740Kb 1.11Mb 988Kb
<= 36.9Mb 47.4Mb 44.0Mb
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
TX: cum: 85.3MB peak: 20.0Mb rates: 5.33Mb 8.62Mb 8.07Mb
RX: 563MB 66.0Mb 42.6Mb 54.7Mb 50.8Mb
TOTAL: 649MB 81.4Mb 47.9Mb 63.3Mb 58.9Mb
指标说明:
TX
:发送流量(Outgoing network traffic on eth0)RX
:接收流量(Incoming network traffic on eth0)TOTAL
:总流量,cum:运行iftop累计统计到的流量,rates:平均流量=>
发送流量,<=
接收流量
-- EOF --
最后更新于:
2024-08-17 14:44
发表于:
2017-12-10 21:30